Opal Patterns
Opal patterns showcase an exquisite interplay of shapes, sizes, and vibrant bursts of colour. Each pattern in an opal’s play of colour is unique, often reflecting but not confined to specific types. While there is a general resemblance to established patterns, the distinctiveness of each opal adds to its charm, making every piece a singular treasure.
Describing opal patterns
When describing the patterns within an opal, the primary pattern is mentioned first, followed by the secondary pattern. Typically, only the two most dominant patterns are highlighted, even though closer examination may reveal numerous additional patterns.
An exception to this rule is the harlequin pattern which is a highly sought-after and rare formation, characterised by its distinctive checkerboard arrangement. This pattern displays a mosaic of square or rectangular patches of colour, creating a vibrant, geometric tapestry across the gem’s surface. For an opal to be classified as having a true harlequin pattern, these patches must cover at least 80% of the stone and maintain a uniformity of around 80% in shape and size. This precise alignment and distribution of colours set the harlequin pattern apart, making it one of the most coveted and visually striking opal patterns.
Types of Opal Patterns
Opal patterns are unique and varied, each offering a distinct play of colour. Here are some of the most recognised patterns:
Harlequin
Characterised by a checkerboard arrangement of square or rectangular patches of colour, covering at least 80% of the gem with a high level of uniformity.
Pinfire
Shows small, pinpoint-like dots of colour scattered throughout the stone. This pattern can create a delicate and shimmering effect.
Broad Flash
Features large areas of colour that flash across the stone when it is moved. The flashes can be sweeping and cover a significant portion of the opal.
Script
Shows intricate, angular patterns that resemble script characters or hieroglyphs
Floral
Displays patterns that resemble flower petals or other floral shapes, often with a soft and organic appearance.
Striated
Displays linear streaks of colour that can be parallel or intersecting, giving a striated or striped appearance.
Moss
Shows intricate, moss-like inclusions of colour that can create a natural, earthy look within the opal.
Chaff
Consists of small, angular fragments of colour that can appear scattered or densely packed, resembling chaff or straw fragments.
Flame
Characterized by streaks or flashes of colour that resemble the flickering of flames, creating a dynamic and fiery appearance.
Asteria
Displays star-like patterns or rays that radiate from a central point, often creating a celestial effect.
Brush Stroke
Features sweeping, broad streaks of colour that resemble the strokes of a paintbrush, creating an artistic and fluid appearance.
Picture Stone
Exhibits patterns that form recognizable images or scenes, such as landscapes or objects, giving the stone a pictorial quality.
Additional Patterns
Flagstone: Displays large, flat, angular patches of colour that resemble paving stones. This pattern is typically bold and clearly defined.
Rolling Flash: Similar to the broad flash, but the colour seems to roll across the surface of the opal as it is tilted, creating a dynamic and shifting display.
Ribbon: Displays long, wavy bands of colour that can run parallel to each other or intertwine, resembling ribbons.
Straw: Comprises narrow, parallel streaks of colour that can create a woven or straw-like appearance.
Mosaic: Features a random arrangement of different-sized and shaped patches of colour, creating a mosaic-like effect.
Cat’s Eye: Exhibits a narrow band of light that moves across the surface, resembling the slit eye of a cat. This pattern is also known as chatoyancy.
Peacock: A combination of multiple colours that resemble the iridescent feathers of a peacock, often with blue and green hues predominating.
Clover Leaf: Features clusters of colour that resemble the shape of clover leaves, creating a charming and distinctive pattern.
Mackerel: Shows patterns that resemble the markings on a mackerel fish, with elongated, wavy streaks of colour that create a striking visual effect.
Brush Stroke: Features sweeping, broad streaks of colour that resemble the strokes of a paintbrush, creating an artistic and fluid appearance.
Each opal is unique, and the interplay of these patterns contributes to the gem’s overall beauty and value.
An exceptional opal carving by Daniela L’Abbate, featuring complex patterns. Superlative craftsmanship, auspicious symbolism, artistry of form and a stunning play of colours.
Manju is a form on ‘Netsuke’, a toggle worn on the belt of traditional Japanese garments, usually carved from ivory, bone or wood.
Fine Netsuke are highly collectable. The DTEO ‘Manju’ is a ‘Bean Cake Netsuke’ – rounded and often carved in low relief.
Weight: 296 carats – Size: 72.4mm x 54.8mm x 16.1mm thick – Origin: Opal mined by Down To Earth Opals in 2002 at Kitty Hawke Field, Lightning Ridge